Abstract
Membrane distillation-crystallization (MDC) is an appropriate process which can completely recover solutes and solvents from high concentration brine under modest operation conditions, and no emissions from system into the environment. In present article, factors restricting the development of membrane distillation-crystallization such as the performance of membrane material and the mass transfer/transfer efficiency were introduced, the process enhancement and sediment control measures of crystallization were reviewed. To reinforce mass and heat transfer efficiency in the process of hollow fiber membrane distillation-crystallization, bubbles were suggested to be added into feed side to format gas-liquid two-phase flow. The secondary flow generated by the bubble would not only substantially increase the maximum shear stress on membrane surfaces, prevent deposition of pollutants, but also could effectively reduce the boundary layer polarization phenomena at the same time. And most importantly, bubbles would not become nucleus for crystal generation of supersaturated solution, and bubbles are easily detached from the solution.
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