Abstract
Nanocellulose is a type of nanomaterial with high strength, high specific surface area and high surface energy. Additionally, it is nontoxic, harmless, biocompatible and environmentally friendly and can be extracted from biomass resources. The surface groups of cellulose show high surface energy and binding activity on the nanoscale and can be modified by using various methods. Because nanocellulose has a high elastic modulus, rigidity and a low thermal expansion coefficient, it is an excellent material for polymer reinforcement. This paper summarizes the reinforcement mechanisms of nanocellulose polymer composites with a focus on the role of theoretical models in elucidating these mechanisms. Furthermore, the influence of various factors on the properties of nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites are discussed in combination with analyses and comparisons of specific research results in related fields. Finally, research focus and development directions for the design of high-performance nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites are proposed.
Highlights
Biomass, as a raw material, has emerged in response to the need for sustainable development.With the depletion of fossil resources and to meet economic development and population growth, the industrial production of new materials from renewable biomass has become a key objective [1].Since Nickerson and Habrle first prepared nanocellulose from wood by acidolysis in 1947 [2], nanomaterials obtained from plant resources with various application prospects have attracted great attention [3,4]
This study demonstrated the application value of the sol–gel method in the preparation of nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites with complex microstructures, further studies are required to optimize the efficiency of the materials preparation
Nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites have been studied in many fields
Summary
As a raw material, has emerged in response to the need for sustainable development. With the depletion of fossil resources and to meet economic development and population growth, the industrial production of new materials from renewable biomass has become a key objective [1]. Nanocellulose shows promise as a new type of reinforcing filler in the field of composite materials [5,6]. The types of raw materials as well as the separation and extraction methods affect its physical and chemical properties. There are many studies and applications, technical problems such as preparation of nanocellulose, the dispersion and interfacial compatibility between nanocellulose and the polymer mobile phase remain, resulting in high cost and underdeveloped industrialization of nanocellulose composites [7].
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