Abstract
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can extract sea surface wind speed information. To extract wind speed information through the geophysical model function (GMF), the corresponding wind direction information must be input. This article introduces some concepts about networked SAR satellites. The networked satellites enable multiple SARs to observe the same sea surface at different incidence angles at the same time. Aiming at the X-band networked SAR data with different incident angles, the cost function is established by using the GMF. By minimizing the cost function, accurate wind speed information can be extracted without inputting wind direction information. When the noise is small, the wind direction information is introduced, and the accuracy of the extracted wind speed will be improved. When the noise is less than 1 dB and the incident angle is greater than 30°, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the wind speed extracted by this method is basically less than 2 m/s.
Highlights
The sea surface wind field is the main source of power for upper ocean movement, and is closely related to most physical processes in the ocean
The wind speed information extracted from the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data through the geophysical model function depends on the wind direction information
Based on the networked SAR satellite data provided by this model, wind speed information can be extracted without relying on wind direction information
Summary
The sea surface wind field is the main source of power for upper ocean movement, and is closely related to most physical processes in the ocean. Current methods for acquiring sea surface wind field information include shore-based observation stations, ships, buoys, scatterometers, and synthetic aperture radars. With the development of satellite remote sensing technology, the scatterometer was initially applied to the field of ocean wind fields, which can acquire large-scale sea surface wind field data in a short time [1]. It is a relatively mature wind field information observation method, but the spatial resolution is low, and the accuracy of near-shore wind field inversion is poor [2]. Synthetic aperture radar is the main means to realize large-scale observations of sea surface wind fields, at present and in the future [3]
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