Abstract
With the emphasis on environmental protection issues, countries have introduced a number of circular economy-related policies aimed at guiding enterprises to green development and green innovation. At the same time, they are encouraged to strengthen the combination of forward logistics and reverse logistics, providing an effective way to improve resource shortages and reduce environmental pollution. However, the quality of recycled products in reverse logistics is often uncertain, which not only increases the risk of production decisions of remanufacturers, but also affects the sales of new products in the forward logistics to a certain extent. Based on the uncertainty of recycling quality of waste products and the controllability of remanufacturing technology level, this paper studies the impact of various regulatory environments on the operation of a two-way logistics system. We solve the decision model of the system through game theory. The results show that the government’s policy can improve product recycling quality and remanufacturing technology. However, recycling rewards and punishments, remanufacturing technology subsidies, and recycling payment factors need to be within a certain range to ensure the effectiveness of the trading market. When the recycling regulation has been implemented, it is beneficial for manufacturers to choose to improve their remanufacturing technology level. This means that the combined effect of multiple policies is more conducive to the operation of a two-way logistics system.
Highlights
With the development of economy and technology, the update speed of various products has accelerated, and the demand for products of consumers has gradually increased
First proposed by Stock, an American scholar, has brought enlightenment to the sustainable development of enterprises. He believes that reverse logistics consists of product return, item maintenance, reprocessing, secondary utilization and remanufacturing [8]
According to a survey released by United States International Trade Commission (USITC) in October 2012, remanufactured products grew at an annual growth rate of 15% during 2009–2011, reaching $43 billion [13]
Summary
With the development of economy and technology, the update speed of various products has accelerated, and the demand for products of consumers has gradually increased. First proposed by Stock, an American scholar, has brought enlightenment to the sustainable development of enterprises He believes that reverse logistics consists of product return, item maintenance, reprocessing, secondary utilization and remanufacturing [8]. The high-quality level of waste products enables the Sustainability 2019, 11, 882 smooth development of the remanufacturing process, which guarantees the “closed” of the two-way logistics system. It is found that the implementation of government policies can effectively improve the quality of recycling and the level of remanufacturing technology. This will be conducive to the smooth development of system remanufacturing activities.
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