Abstract
Truck rollover is a problem that seriously endangers the safety of human life. Under special conditions, when the driver takes a sharp turn, the truck is most prone to rollover. Speed seriously affects the driving stability of the truck in a sharp turn, but the calculation of the safe speed is not accurate enough at present. The aim of this paper is to develop a more accurate safe speed calculation method to avoid the truck rollover in a sharp turn. Firstly, the calculation formula of the rollover threshold was derived based on a theoretical model, then, the simulation tests were carried out. We selected a 4-axle truck with a total weight of 30t as the subject, simulated the dynamic process of the truck rollover in a sharp turn with TruckSim, evaluated the dynamic rollover risk levels of the truck during this process, and verified the accuracy of the simulation results by results of the theoretical model. Finally, by analyzing the steering principle of the vehicle, the safe speed threshold and the limit speed threshold of the truck in a sharp turn were calculated according to the lateral acceleration corresponding to the rollover risk levels. The results show that no matter what the loading condition of the truck is, when the rollover margin is reduced to about 0.15g, the truck just reaches the risk level of critical rollover; the result provides an accurate algorithm for speed thresholds of the truck when turning radius is less than 250 m. The research provides a calculation method for safe speed of trucks from a dynamic perspective. The research results can be applied to the speed warning system of trucks, which can make drivers better control the rollover risk of trucks in the process of driving and improve driving safety.
Highlights
Truck rollover is one of the most serious accident forms that cause traffic casualties
The results showed sharp turning and turning movements were associated with a higher rollover risk [16, 17]
In order to facilitate the analysis, we make the following assumptions about the vehicle model: 1. the input of the left and right wheels are the same, the left and right sides of the vehicle move in exactly the same way; 2. the wheel is a rigid body; 3. the height of the center of gravity is the normal height of the center of gravity, different from the assumption of the point mass model that the height of the center of gravity is on the road surface; 4. the vehicle has a non-rolling unsprung mass composed of axles and wheels, and a sprung mass with degree of freedom of roll
Summary
Truck rollover is one of the most serious accident forms that cause traffic casualties. The road interruption caused by truck rollover and the environmental pollution caused by the leakage of chemicals and dangerous goods in the process of truck rollover cannot be ignored [1,2,3]. From the 1950s to the present, researchers have established a full range of prevention and control system, including road safety facilities, vehicle safety systems, risk prevention and control, and safety education in the research areas such as vehicle structure, road. Cooperation between Chang’an University and Shaoxing Communications Investment Group Co., Ltd. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors, but did not have any additional role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific role of these author is articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section
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