Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore the influence of biological characteristics on the yield of Amomum villosum Lour. and Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu, to find an effective pollen viability evaluation method and storage method to solve the problem of the low yield of Amomum plants.MethodsFive germplasm of Amomum plants were used to investigate the effects of the phenological phase, pollen viability, and stigma receptivity on natural and artificial fruit set.ResultsAmomum longiligulare T. L. Wu showed late flowering, and its natural pollination rate is higher than that of Amomum villosum Lour. In all germplasm, the artificial pollination rate and fruit setting rate are more than 3 times higher than that under natural conditions. Fruits begin to drop seven days after successful pollination, and the fruit drop is basically stable after one month. The hybridization verification showed that TTC method was simpler and more accurate than in vitro germination method. Optimal storage conditions for pollen are 4°C and high humidity. After 36 h of storage, pollen can still be used for artificial cross-pollination or as hybrid parents.ConclusionThe special biological characteristics are the fundamental reason for the low natural pollination rate of Amomum plants. The accurate measurement method of Amomum plants pollen is the TTC method, and storage at 4°C and high humidity can increase the yield, which was six times that of the natural yield.
Highlights
Amomum villosum Lour. and Amomum longiligulare T
The artificial pollination rate and fruit setting rate are more than 3 times higher than that under natural conditions
The special biological characteristics are the fundamental reason for the low natural pollination rate of Amomum plants
Summary
L. Wu (genus Amomum, family Zingiberaceae) are two of the basic species of the traditional Chinese medicine amomi fructus( called Sharen), which are cultivated as medicinal plants in the Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan provinces of China with great pharmacology effect [1]. Amomi fructus/Fructus amomi (FA)is commonly used in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine and can be used in food, drink, health products and seasonings [2,3,4]. The weight of one hundred dried ripe fruits of FA are almost 50g [7], and the values are up to approximately $0.15 of a single FA. According to 2.25×105 inflorescences per hectare, each inflorescence 10.6 florets [5], if all results can be achieved, the output value would up to $357,750
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