Abstract
This paper proposed an optimal prepositive distance of crosswalk warning markings for unsignalized road section under three different design speeds based on the mathematical modelling and driving simulation. To set up the most efficient mathematical modelling for calculating the layout interval of prepositive distance, the vehicles slowing down behaviour characteristics in front of crosswalk were explored. According to the layout interval, the simulation experiment was carried out in the UC-win/Road version 13.0 driving simulator. The rate of speed reduction and the times of maximum deceleration obtained from simulation experiments were selected as evaluation indicators to compare and analyse the deceleration effect related with the prepositive distances of the crosswalk warning markings under three design speeds. The results show that when the design speeds are 30 km/h, 40 km/h, and 50 km/h, the optimal prepositive distances of the crosswalk warning markings are 30 m, 40 m, and 60 m, respectively.
Highlights
Crosswalk warning markings are widely applied on urban unsignalized road section
Combined with the adjustment of the current regulations, the layout interval of prepositive distance is determined under design speeds of 30 km/h, 40 km/h, and 50 km/h. e interval is applied into driving simulation experiment as boundary condition. e rate of speed reduction and the times of maximum deceleration obtained from simulation are used to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of deceleration and determine the optimal prepositive distance of the crosswalk warning markings under the three different design speeds
To familiarize operating methods of the UC-win/Road version 13.0 driving simulator and the operating performance of the steering wheel, signal, horn, brake, throttle, etc., we conducted a practice for all participants by completing the acceleration and deceleration operation according to the warning information which may occur in the scene before the formal experiment. e driving lane in our experiment is fixed, so the participants will not be affected by other driving behaviours in the road during the driving simulation, which can more directly reflect the speed and the influence of the prepositive distance of crosswalk warning markings on the driver’s performance and improve the accuracy of the data
Summary
Crosswalk warning markings are widely applied on urban unsignalized road section. As the important traffic markings on urban roads, their function is to remind drivers that they are approaching the crosswalk and should slow down and pay attention to pedestrians crossing. Due to the lack of signal lights constraints, sometimes drivers ignore the crosswalk warning markings and drive directly across the crosswalk. Pedestrians are more likely to conflict with vehicles. Drivers pay less attention to the road traffic signs and markings, which is another reason for this phenomenon. When cars are on road, drivers mainly focus on the information related to cars and only put about 15% of attention on the traffic signs and markings [8, 9]
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