Abstract
In the present study, the local equilibrium modeling and division method of the multiphase non-equilibrium for the top-blowing smelting process of electronic waste was investigated based on the local equilibrium hypothesis. And the mathematical description of the multi-phase equilibrium of each local area and the correlation method between the local areas were studied by analysis of relationships among the valence state, phase, composition, and Gibbs free energy of each element. Afterward, the reaction characteristic data such as melting material, product phase, composition, temperature, atmosphere, etc. were obtained via industrial measurement experiments. Based on these, a mathematical model of local equilibrium for the top-blowing smelting process of electronic waste was established. Finally, the thermodynamic digital simulation system was developed via the calculation of metallurgical process and online control platform MetCal Desk (v7.00, MetCal, Ganzhou, China), which can investigate the element distribution behavior during the smelting process and provide theoretical guidance for the industrial production practice.
Highlights
With continuous improvements in science and technology, the electronics industry has ushered in rapid changes
The number of eliminated electronics-related products is increasing rapidly due to the short replacement cycle of electronic products [1,2,3,4]
A mathematical model of local equilibrium for the top-blowing smelting process of electronic waste was established based on the non-equilibrium multiphase reaction system
Summary
With continuous improvements in science and technology, the electronics industry has ushered in rapid changes. E-waste is increasing at an annual growth rate of 3% to 5% in EU countries, which will increase more than three times in developing countries over the five years [7]. These will cause huge environmental pressure, and provide broad prospects for the utilization of valuable resources; the economic value and environmental benefits have become increasingly prominent. Since the 1970s, a variety of new technologies and equipment for the comprehensive utilization of rare and precious metal renewable resources have been developed, which use anode slime, electronic waste, and industrial slag containing rare and precious metals as raw materials [2,8]. There are many valuable metals and organic substances in electronic waste, and its recycling and utilization can solve the problem of environmental pollution and recover valuable secondary resources
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
