Abstract
The internal flow and macroscopic spray behaviors of a fuel injection process were studied with schlieren spray techniques and simulations. The injection pressures(Pin)and ambient pressures(Pout)were applied in a wide range. The results showed that increasing the Pin is likely to decrease the flow performance of the nozzle. Furthermore, increasing the Pin can increase the spray tip penetration. However, the effect of Pin on the spray cone angle was not evident. The spray cone angle at an injection pressure of 160MPa was 21.7% greater than at a pressure of 100MPa during the initial spraying stage. Additionally, the discharge coefficient increased under high Pout, and the decrease in Pout can promote the formation of cavitation. Finally, increasing the Pout can decrease the penetration, while the spray angle becomes wider, especially at the initial spray stage, and high Pout will enhance the interaction of the spray and the air, which can enhance the spray quality.
Highlights
The major emissions are soot and nitrogen oxide (NOx), which are affected by spray quality [1,2,3,4]
The discharge coefficient is calculated by combining the Bernoulli equation and the mass conservation equation: m_
The discharge coefficient decreases with increasing injection pressure
Summary
The major emissions are soot and nitrogen oxide (NOx), which are affected by spray quality [1,2,3,4]. Several studies have shown that improving the injection pressure can strongly enhance fuel atomization and spray quality [5,6,7]. It is important to characterize the influences of injection pressure and back pressure on the inner flow in a diesel nozzle and the spray behaviors. Agarwal et al studied the influence of fuel injection pressure on spray behaviors with biodiesel in a constant volume chamber and found that the penetration was greater at higher injection pressures after the start of injection (ASOI) [8]. Moon et al used an X-ray technique to investigate the effects of pressure on near-field spray dynamics, and their results indicated that a higher injection pressure could increase the spray velocity [10]. Eagle et al examined macro spray behaviors under high injection pressures, and their results showed the fluctuating structures of multi hole
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