Research on the Impact of DFIG Virtual Inertia Control on Power System Small-Signal Stability Considering the Phase-Locked Loop

Abstract

Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines with virtual inertia control are coupled to power system in dynamic characteristics, and the control input of virtual inertia control is directly affected by the tracking ability of phase-locked loop (PLL). Thus, it is urgent to study the impact of DFIG wind turbines with virtual inertia control on power system small-signal stability considering the effects of PLL. First, based on DFIG operation characteristic and control strategy, a small-signal model of interconnected system with DFIG integration considering PLL and virtual inertial control is established. Second, the attenuation time constants of DFIG state variables are calculated, and according to the attenuation speeds of different state variables and the coupling between them, it is found out that PLL and virtual inertia are the main factors that affect the coupling between DFIG and synchronous generators. And then, considering that both PLL and virtual inertia control will affect the oscillation modes of synchronous generators, analytical method is used to reveal system small-signal stability under the joint effects of the two factors quantitatively. Analysis results show that, for DFIG wind turbines with virtual inertial control, PLL affects system damping mainly by affecting the participation of virtual inertia in the system. The smaller the PI parameters of PLL are, the smaller the participation factor of virtual inertia control state variables in the interarea oscillation mode is, and the bigger the electromechanical oscillation mode damping ratio is. Simulation results verify the reasonableness of the established model and the possibility that virtual inertia control may cause system small-signal stability to deteriorate in multimachine system.