Research on the Development of Sociological Theory Using Laudan's Scientific Philosophy of Research Traditions

Abstract

The methodology of “theory construction” developed in the U.S. around 1970 established an approach for the development of sociological theories. However, this methodology underestimates the value of studies conducted on classical sociological theories. According to Laudan's philosophy of science, the studies on the classical theories can develop current sociological theories by solving conceptual problems, identifying anomalies, and comparing the strengths and weaknesses of several sociological research traditions. By studying these classical sociological theories, we can find problems that require a solution and clues to solve these problems. However, it is very difficult to develop a theory only through studies on these classical theories because conceptual and empirical problems are closely connected to each other. In order to solve an empirical problem, we must gather and analyze data. Therefore, we must solve both conceptual and empirical problems simultaneously in order to develop sociological theories. This can be achieved through derivation and by joining a “good” research group.