Research on Supply and Demand Matching of Urban Public Transport Based on IC Card and GPS Data

Abstract

A research method to establish the matching degree of supply and demand of bus stations by using Moran’s I, which describes the spatial agglomerating feature, was proposed based on IC card and GPS data mining. The bus boarding station information was deduced by the time matching method and the passenger demand of the station was represented by the passenger flow in the station, the vehicle data from GPS data were selected as the bus service supply, the matching situation of bus supply and demand in different time periods in the whole city was researched, the degree of station imbalance was identified, to assist the bus system to optimize supply. Take Qingdao city as an example, the empirical research indicated that: It was concluded that the demand and supply of the bus service in the research area matched well on the whole, and the supply of buses at the bus stations basically met the travel demand of residents. According to the LISA diagram of station clustering distribution, the stations with a mismatch of supply and demand in the area were identified through spatio-temporal difference analysis, and the mismatch was relatively more obvious in regions where a small number of stations were located.