Research on ride comfort analysis and hierarchical optimization of heavy vehicles with coupled nonlinear dynamics of suspension

Abstract

The fact that the calculation model and optimization method are critical to the optimization efficiency of ride comfort. To improve the reliability of this process for heavy vehicles, this article proposes a systematic modelling method that is based on the coupled nonlinear dynamics of suspension components and a hierarchical optimization method that considers passenger comfort, cargo safety, and parts fatigue. Nonlinear mathematical models of leaf springs and dampers are established first. A novel model of ride comfort is then developed by integrating the nonlinear mathematical models with a conventional vibration model formulated according to Newton's second law. According to experimental observations, the novel model shows greater accuracy than the conventional one. Subsequently, the influences of suspension parameters on ride comfort are clarified with an integrated multi-software method, illustrating steering suspension stiffness and cabin rear suspension damping are significant factors affecting ride comfort. Finally, a hierarchical optimization model is developed to enhance ride comfort and minimize the amplitude of vibrations. The optimized vibrations show average reductions of 31.1% and 17.0% for the seat rail and sprung centroid, respectively.