Abstract
The millimeter-wave phased array antenna is a higher integration system that is composed of different subarray modules, and in actual engineering, the existing amplitude, phase errors, and structural errors will change the performance of the array antenna. This paper studies the influence of the random amplitude and phase errors of the antenna array in the actual assembly process and the actual position errors between the subarrays on the electrical performance of the antenna. Based on the planar rectangular antenna array-electromagnetic coupling model, we propose a method of verifying the effect of random errors on the phased array antenna. The simulation result shows that the method could obtain the critical value of the error generated by the antenna subarray during processing and assembly. To reduce the error factor, it is necessary to ensure that the random phase and amplitude error should not exceed 10 ° , 0.5 dB . The error in the X-direction during assembly should be ≤ 0.05 λ , and the error in the Y-direction should be ≤ 0.1 λ . When symmetrical deformation occurs, the maximum deformation should be less than 0.05 λ .
Highlights
Based on the planar rectangular antenna array-electromagnetic coupling model, we propose a method of verifying the effect of random errors on the phased array antenna. e simulation result shows that the method could obtain the critical value of the error generated by the antenna subarray during processing and assembly
The directivity of a single antenna is limited, to use antennas for electrical scanning in space, several antennas can be arranged together regularly to produce a directional pattern, which is called an antenna array [2]. e millimeter wave has a short wavelength and has the comprehensive advantages of microwave and light waves. e antenna array using millimeter wave has the advantages of extremely wide bandwidth, small size, compact system structure, and electromagnetic energy focusing [3], which is especially suitable for radar and other equipment
Taking a 16 × 16 two-dimensional array antenna as an example, this paper constructed a millimeter-wave antenna array error theoretical model. e influence of random errors caused by production, XY-direction errors caused by assembly, and saddle-shaped deformation of the front on the electrical performance of the antenna under the condition that the size of the front is unchanged is analyzed. rough a large amount of data calculation, we have given the quantitative relationship between the influence of the error and the electrical performance of the antenna, drawn the influence relationship curve, and obtained the critical value
Summary
As a special type of antenna, the phased array antenna is composed of many identical independent antenna elements to form an antenna array. By controlling the radiation energy and phase relationship between each unit and using different array arrangements for each antenna unit in the array, the excitation feedback relationship affects the radiation field of the entire array, and accurate and predictable radiation patterns and beam directions are obtained, to improve the gain, scanning frequency, and anti-interference of the array [26]. The active phased array has flexibility in beam direction, can form and independently control multiple beams, and search, identify, and track multiple targets. If you want to have twodimensional scanning capability, you need to combine multiple one-dimensional linear arrays to form a planar array antenna. Assuming that the antenna element patterns are the same, and the analysis method is similar to a linear array, the array factor of the planar array antenna can be obtained as. Normalize the above formula to get the matrix factor of the uniform plane array: F(θ, φ) sinMπdx M sinπdx u − u0/λ u − u0/λ
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