Abstract
The disorderly charging of large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) in residential areas will have a negative impact on peak load, so it is very important to guide the charging behavior of electric vehicles reasonably. Firstly, a pricing mechanism of a residential district agent based on time-of-use (TOU) price is proposed, and the market structure of EV charging and the pricing strategy of the agent are analyzed. Secondly, a multi-objective optimization model is established to minimize the peak-valley difference, maximize the profit of the agent and minimize the charging cost of EV users. The multi-objective model is transformed into a game model between the agent and the users considering the incentives from the power grid company. By using KKT conditions and duality theorem, the game problem is transformed into mixed integer linear programming problem, which is solved by YALMIP. Finally, taking a residential district as an example, electric vehicle users can charge the EVs orderly by responding to the electricity price to provide valley filling load for the grid. Considering the incentive of grid company for the agent, it has a certain effect on the realization of peak load shifting and valley filling, the improvement of agent’s income and the reduction of charging cost of EV users.
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