Research on Lightweight Design of Automobile Collision Safety Structure Based on Multiple Materials

Abstract

With the increase in car ownership and the increasing pressure of energy conservation and emission reduction, the lightweighting of cars has become an important development direction for traditional cars to reduce emissions and increase the endurance of electric vehicles. Aiming at the lightweight design of automobile crash safety structure, this paper proposes a variable section and multiple materials vehicle lightweight design framework based on collision safety. Taking a certain type of racing car frame as the research object, the lightweight design is carried out, and the optimal design scheme of racing car frame with good collision safety performance is obtained. Taking the lightest frame mass as the design goal, the optimal latin square design and response surface model are used to optimize the thickness of each pipe frame, and the lightweight frame optimization scheme based on the improvement of collision safety performance is obtained. Finally, under the premise that the peak acceleration of the cockpit is reduced by 20.02% and the amount of intrusion at the brake pedal is reduced by 25.31%, weight reduction of 14.38% is achieved. Based on the actual engineering situation, this paper constructs a lightweight design framework for automobiles based on collision safety, and provides an efficient optimization process for lightweight design of automobiles.