Abstract
With the popularity of electric multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (EMRUAV), the problem of low efficiency of the motor propeller system (MPS) becomes serious especially for EMRUAVs which have multiple working states. To solve this problem, an integrated optimization design method for high-efficiency MPS is proposed using an improved parallel particle swarm optimization and differential evolution (PSODE) hybrid algorithm. First, the brushless motor as well as the variable-speed and the adjustable-pitch propellers is modelled. Then considering the characteristics of the motor and the propeller sufficiently, an integrated optimization method for variable-speed and adjustable-pitch MPS is proposed by utilizing the improved PSODE. Specially, the self-organizing feature map theory is added to substitute the traditional “winner-take-all” method in the interactive study of the improved PSODE. Next, the optimization of a small electric-powered tilt quad rotor (TQR) which has four states: hovering, cruising, transition and maximum speed is carried out. At last, the wind-tunnel experiments are implemented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed optimization method. The results indicate that the adjustable-pitch MPS is more suitable for EMRUAVs which have multiple working states, and that the improved PSODE has faster convergence speed and better global search ability than other optimization methods.
Highlights
The electric multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (EMRUAV) have been used widely throughout the world [1]–[3]
An integrated optimization design method for motor propeller systems (MPS) which can take the characteristics of the motor and propeller into consideration is necessary
Mahvelatishamsabadi and Emadi [25] investigated the effect of runway length on the electric propulsion system for an exceptionally short takeoff and landing electric air vehicles, and the results indicated that the required power for takeoff was incredibly higher than that in cruising mode
Summary
The electric multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (EMRUAV) have been used widely throughout the world [1]–[3]. The results showed that the adjustable-picth MPS could change the rotational speed and pitch at the same time, and there was an optimal combination of pitch and speed to get the minimum power In these studies, the motors served mainly to drive the propellers, and there was no integrated design of the system. The integrated optimization design methods of variable-speed and adjustable-pitch MPS are obtained by considering the characteristics of the motor and the propeller sufficiently. The calculation values of APC10 × 7 propeller are in good agreement with the experimental values no matter how large or small the inflow ratio is, and the Goldstein vortex theory can be used for the optimization design of MPS. IMPROVED PSODE HYBRID OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM An improved parallel PSODE hybrid optimization algorithm by adding the self-organizing feature map theory to interactive learning is proposed
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