Research on Formation Conditions of the Ultrafine-Grained Structure of the Cylindrical Parts Manufactured by Power Spinning Based on Small Strains

Gangfeng Xiao,Xiuquan Cheng,Qinxiang Xia,Weiping Chen

doi:10.3390/ma11101891

Abstract

Two different methods, power spinning and annealing (PSA), quenching and power spinning followed by annealing (QPSA), for manufacturing the cylindrical parts with ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure were reviewed, the dislocation density and microstructural evolution during the two different processes of PSA and QPSA were further studied. The results show that the required strains for obtaining the UFG structure by power spinning is only 0.92 when the initial microstructure of the material is in the phase of lath martensite. The dislocation density and storage energy are increased to 10 times that of the blank after quenching and power spinning and decreased to the level of the blank after recrystallization annealing. Microstructures with fine grain size after quenching, storage energy of 1.8 × 105 kJ/m3 obtained after power spinning and second phase particle with nano-scale precipitated during annealing are the necessary formation conditions for manufacturing the cylindrical parts with UFG structure based on small strains. Compared with the original tubular blank, the mechanical properties of the spun parts with UFG structure improves significantly. The tensile strength and hardness of the spun parts manufactured by QPSA method is 815 MPa and 305 HV, respectively, and the elongation is 17.5%.

Highlights

Grain refinement is one of the most important ways of increasing the strength and plasticity of materials simultaneously [1]
It shows that the dislocation density is increased from 5.6 × 1015 m−2 to 3.16 × 1016 m−2 after power spinning under 87% thinning ratio of wall thickness, the corresponding equivalent strain is 2.27
The formation conditions of the UFG structure of the cylindrical parts manufactured by power spinning were studied based on dislocation density measurement and microstructural evolution observation

Summary

Introduction

Grain refinement is one of the most important ways of increasing the strength and plasticity of materials simultaneously [1]. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is the most common method for manufacturing the materials with ultrafine grained-structure (UFG), such as equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) [3], high pressure torsion (HPT) [4], multiple forging (MF) [5], accumulative roll bonding (ARB) [6] and so forth. Metal spinning is one of the near net-shape forming technologies to manufacture the thin walled-thickness and axisymmetrical parts [8]. It has inherent advantages, such as good dimensional accuracy and excellent mechanical properties [9,10].

Methods

Results

Conclusion