Research on Extended Carbon Emissions Accounting Method and Its Application in Sustainable Manufacturing

Abstract

Carbon-Emission Accounting (CEA) is an important assessment method for sustainable manufacturing, which mainly focuses on raw materials, energy and waste disposal factors but ignores labor and capital factors. However, the generation process of labor and capital inevitably produce Carbon Dioxide Emissions (CDE). Referring the Extended Exergy Accounting method, the calculation model of extended carbon dioxide emissions factors of capital and labor is established based on the standard CDE per capita, total population, annual working hours, intermediate money M2 and total annual wage S, etc. Then the Extended Carbon-Emission Accounting (ECEA) method is proposed based on the current CEA method, accounting labor, capital, raw materials, energy and all other environmental related factors. Comparatively analyzing on grinding and hard-turning process of a lathe spindle part is studied, the result shows ECEA method is more reasonable and suitable for sustainable manufacturing than CEA method.