Abstract
Cerebral hemorrhage is a kind of intracranial hemorrhage caused by nontraumatic vascular rupture of the cerebral parenchyma, which is a common cerebrovascular disease with a high disability rate and mortality. This study aimed to explore the effects of oropharyngeal aspiration in reducing ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with cerebral hemorrhage in ICU. In this study, 96 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were selected as the subjects. They received surgical treatment, and then they were transferred into ICU of Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from December 2019 to March 2020. The patients were randomly divided into intervention group and control group, with 48 in each group. The intervention group received periodic oropharyngeal aspiration, while the control group received routine nursing measures. After the intervention, the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and the positive rate of amylase α-trachea cannula specimens were recorded and compared between the two groups. After the intervention, the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia was 14.89% in the intervention group and 39.58% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference. And, the α-amylase positive rate, mechanical ventilation time, and ICU care duration of endotrachea cannula specimens in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group. In conclusion, oropharyngeal aspiration can effectively reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia after cerebral hemorrhage and shorten mechanical ventilation and ICU care duration. It promotes the rehabilitation of patients.
Highlights
Cerebral hemorrhage is a kind of intracranial hemorrhage caused by nontraumatic vascular rupture of cerebral parenchyma, which is a common cerebrovascular disease with high disability rate and mortality [1, 2]
On the basis of synthesizing and analyzing the existing intervention research evidence, this study used a 21 cm oropharyngeal aspiration catheter to carry out periodic oropharyngeal aspiration every 4 h in order to reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with cerebral hemorrhage in ICU [24, 25]. e results showed that the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients receiving regular oropharyngeal aspiration was significantly lower than that in patients without intervention, and the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the control group was significantly higher than that in the intervention group, revealing that oral aspiration could significantly reduce the incidence and risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Compared with the control group, the mechanical ventilation time and ICU care duration in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group, suggesting that the effective management of ventilator-associated pneumonia can promote the rehabilitation of lung function and physical function, shorten the mechanical ventilation time and ICU care duration, and reduce the cost of treatment
Summary
Cerebral hemorrhage is a kind of intracranial hemorrhage caused by nontraumatic vascular rupture of cerebral parenchyma, which is a common cerebrovascular disease with high disability rate and mortality [1, 2]. Mechanical ventilation will cause many complications, the most serious of which is ventilator-associated pneumonia. 30% to 65% of patients with cerebral hemorrhage in ICU have ventilatorassociated pneumonia, which is one of the main causes of death in the first month after surgery for cerebral hemorrhage. It accounts for about 30% of mortality 30 days after surgery [5]. Ventilator-associated pneumonia can result in prolonged mechanical ventilation and hospital stay in patients in ICU.
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