Research on Ecological Vulnerability Evaluation of Yunnan Province Based on SRP Model

Abstract

Considering the complex natural and human environmental factors in Yunnan Province, based on the meteorological, land use, DEM and MOD13A3 vegetation datas of four different years in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2019 in Yunnan Province, 15 evaluation indexes including soil erosion intensity, landscape diversity index, net primary productivity of vegetation, annual temperature, annual precipitation and biological abundance were selected by using GIS and remote sensing technology combined with SRP model. The principal component analysis method was used to comprehensively and quantitatively study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of ecological vulnerability in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2019. The results showed that: (1) From 2005 to 2019, the overall ecological vulnerability of Yunnan Province showed a trend of continuous improvement. The area of severely and extremely vulnerable areas decreased by 2833.09 km <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> compared with 2005, and the improvement trend in 2015-2019 was the most obvious. The area of moderately, severely and extremely vulnerable areas decreased from 27015.66 in 2015 to 1325.68 km <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 2019, and the proportion of slightly vulnerable areas increased from 88.3% in 2015 to 99.6%. (2) The severely and extremely vulnerable areas in Yunnan Province are mainly distributed in the central, northwest and northeast of Yunnan Province. The highest degree of ecological vulnerability is in the central Yunnan Province, and the extremely vulnerable area is about 443.8 km <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . (3) Moderately vulnerable areas in Yunnan Province are mainly concentrated in southeast Yunnan; (4)The slightly vulnerable areas in Yunnan Province are mainly distributed in southwest Yunnan, accounting for 22.6% of the whole province.