Abstract
In this paper, the dynamical characteristics of the virtual anode during the hollow cathode have been studied. The formation time of the virtual anode near the anode increases with the decrease in the pressure, gap distance, and aperture diameter. The average speed of the virtual anode moving from the cathode to the anode increases with the increase in the pressure, gap distance, and aperture diameter. The influences of these parameters on the delay and the breakdown voltages of the hollow cathode discharge are similar. The delay and breakdown voltages are affected by changing the collision probability and number of the collision ionization in different conditions.
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