Research on dynamic control of low‐voltage distribution network with high penetration of electric heat pumps based on μPMU measurements and data‐driven approach

Abstract

Electric heat pump (EHP) is a kind of high-power load, which causes power impact and voltage sag during its start-up process. With the increasing penetration of EHP loads, serious low-voltage and overload problems occur in the low-voltage distribution network, resulting in malfunction of voltage-sensitive load. This study analyses the start-up characteristics of the EHP and proposes a data-driven approach for identifying the starting state and model of EHP based on high-frequency micro-phasor measurement unit (μPMU) measurements. The state criterion based on the starting model can be used to quickly determine whether there is a starting impact at the present time. The identification method based on superposition fitting can be used to identify the number of EHPs that cause a start-up impact. Then, a dynamic control algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of low voltage and voltage sag of EHP loads. Simulation results show that the proposed quadratic model can better reflect the starting characteristics of the EHP, and the proposed dynamic control method of EHP based on data-driven approach can identify the state of EHP using µPMU measurement accurately in a very fast manner, effectively avoiding the overshoot of EHP start-up impact.