Abstract
Harmonic diffractive lens, which is also called multiorder diffractive lens, was proposed to decrease the chromatic aberration by Dean Faklis, G. Michael Morris, Donald W. Sweeney and Gary E. Sommargren in 1995. Based on the Kirchhoff's scalar diffraction theory and the empirical formula of refractive index with the change of wavelength, the designing formulas for harmonic diffractive lenses with continuous relief and multilevel relief are given, and their chromatic dispersion performances are studied synthetically. The preconditions, which the formulas for designing harmonic diffractive lenses with low numerical apertures come into existence, are educed, and then the more exact design formulas are given. In the same time, the relationships among the intensity distributions in focal plane and axial direction, diffraction efficiency, focal distance, wavelength, structural parameters, material factor are analyzed in detail by using the self-programming emulating package. The analytical and simulated results achieved in this paper have an important meaning for designing achromatic only-diffractive visual optical system in the future.
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