Research on Detection of Rice Pests and Diseases Based on Improved yolov5 Algorithm

Abstract

Rice pests and diseases have a significant impact on the quality and yield of rice, and even have a certain impact on and cause a loss in the national agricultural industry and economy. The timely and accurate detection of pests and diseases is the basic premise of formulating effective rice pest control and prevention programs. However, the complexity and diversity of pests and diseases and the high similarity between some pests and diseases make the detection and classification task of pests and diseases extremely difficult without detection tools. The existing target detection algorithms can barely complete the task of detecting pests and diseases, but the detection effect is not ideal. In the actual situation of rice disease and insect pest detection, the detection algorithm is required to have fast speed, high accuracy, and good performance for small target detection, and so this paper improved the popular yolov5 algorithm to achieve an ideal detection performance suitable for rice disease and insect pest detection. This paper briefly introduces the current status and influence of rice pests and diseases and several target detection algorithms based on deep learning. Based on the yolov5 algorithm, the RepVGG network structure is introduced, 3*3 convolution is combined with ReLU, a training time model with multi-branch topology is adopted, and the inference time is reduced through layer merging. To improve algorithm detection speed, the SK attention mechanism is introduced to improve the receptive field of the convolution kernel to obtain more information and improve accuracy. In addition, Adaptive NMS is replaced by Adaptive NMS, the dynamic suppression strategy is adopted, and scores for learning density are set, which greatly improves the problems of missing detection and the false detection of small targets. Finally, the improved algorithm model is combined with membrane calculation to further improve the accuracy and speed of the algorithm. According to the experimental results, the accuracy of the improved algorithm is increased by about 2.7 percentage points, and the mAP is increased by 4.3 percentage points, up to 94.4%. The speed is improved by about 2.8 percentage points, and indicators such as recall rate and AP are improved.