Research on Deformation Monitoring of Invert Uplifts in Soft Rock Tunnels Based on 3D Laser Scanning

Abstract

The soft surrounding rock in tunnels has the characteristics of low strength, easy softening after soaking, and poor self-stability, which makes the inverted arch structure in soft rock tunnels prone to uplift deformations. Therefore, a deformation monitoring method for inverted arch uplifts of soft rock tunnels based on 3D laser scanning technology is studied to improve deformation monitoring. A Leica Scan Station2 3D laser scanner is used to collect 3D point cloud data of soft rock tunnel inverts. Using the automatic matching method of public landmarks and the improved Rodrigues parameter method, the collected 3D point cloud data are spliced and through the Mallat algorithm, the 3D point cloud data are reconstructed and processed after splicing. The whole least square method is used to fit the reconstructed 3D point cloud data. Through the principal component analysis method, the normal vector of the fitting plane is estimated and the best datum plane of the soft rock tunnel invert is found. By calculating and extracting the geometric parameters of the slice point cloud, the monitoring of inverted arch uplift deformations in soft rock tunnels is completed. The experiment shows that this method can effectively collect 3D point cloud data of soft rock tunnel inverts, and complete point cloud stitching and reconstruction. This method can effectively monitor the uplift deformation of inverted arches at different grouting depths.