Abstract
This study aims to determine the type of speech acts used in the death ceremony saurmatua Toba Batak customs and interpret the cultural values in it. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques carried out using literature study, observation and interviews. Data analysis techniques are preparing the object of study, identifying and translating data into Indonesian, observing words or sentences, classifying data, and then making conclusions. The results were obtained as many as 41 types of illocutionary speech acts data, which includes the types of: directive utterances (speech requests, orders, invite, force, suggest, push, order, collect, order, order, request, challenge, give an order) of 21 data (51.22%), representative speech (speech demands, acknowledges, shows, reports, gives testimony, mentions, speculates) of 16 data (39.02%), and expressive speech (speech thanks, complains, congratulates, flatters, praises, blames, and criticizes) of 4 data (9.76%). Speech acts in the Batak Toba Saurmatua Death Ceremony are dominated by directive speech acts. Keywords: Speech Analysis, Saurmatua, and Pragmatics. DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-32-07 Publication date: November 30 th 2019
Highlights
Indonesia has various tribes, one of which is the Batak tribe
Research Results and Discussion The speech act at the ceremony of the death of the saurmatua Batak Toba custom is inseparable from the intention conveyed by the speaker to the listener
Dalihan Na Tolu has three things associated with giving ulos at the event of death saurmatua Toba Batak, which includes: 1) Saput ulos are given to the deceased as a sign of separation given by the hula-hula/uncle
Summary
The Toba Batak tribe is a tribe found in North Sumatra Province, and is one of the sub-ethnic groups besides the Simalungun, Karo, Mandailing, Nias and Pakpak Batak. One of the differences between sub-ethnic groups is the language and geographical location of the area. The implementation of the Toba Batak community is very different from some areas known as the Holbung, Silindung, and Humbang Batak. The fundamental difference in these three regions is in terms of the implementation of the Toba Batak tradition, especially in the distribution of jambar (awards) and the distribution of ulos (shawls) while the similarity is the communication tool used and the language used is the Toba Batak language. Speech acts are actions that occur in every process of communication using language. Language is a communication tool that has an important role in socializing with fellow humans to communicate with other humans in conveying the intentions and objectives of each through language
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