Abstract
For the electro-mechanical hybrid braking system, which is composed of electric brake and general friction brake, the models of electric braking force, total braking force and the utilization adhesion coefficient for front and rear axles were established based on the analysis of braking torque distribution. The variation relationship between electric braking force and friction braking force in different braking intensity was calculated and analyzed with the paralleled-hybridized braking control strategy. Taking USA urban driving circle UDDS as an example, the utilization adhesion coefficient of front and rear axles was calculated at different braking intensity for a certain Electric Vehicles (EVs), and the braking stability was also analyzed for front-wheel drive EVs. The calculation results indicate that the utilization adhesion coefficient of front axle is always greater than that of rear axle, which means the front axle always locked ahead of the rear axle, thus the braking stability meets the requirement. The calculation results also have certain instructive significance on the anti-lock braking system (ABS) and electric brake-force distribution (EBD) of EVs.
Highlights
Regenerative braking technology for electric vehicles, which named electric brake technology, is an effective technical measure to improve the driving range by converting kinetic energy into electric energy which was deposited into accumulator[1]
Electric braking force is related to the vehicle speed, and its braking capacity was limited, which can’t meet requirements of heavy braking intensity
The braking stability is influenced by electric braking force which only acts on driving wheels and changes the distribution portion of braking force of front and rear axles of conventional friction braking system
Summary
Regenerative braking technology for electric vehicles, which named electric brake technology, is an effective technical measure to improve the driving range by converting kinetic energy into electric energy which was deposited into accumulator[1]. The current research subjects on electric brake mainly focus on the aspects such as the necessity and efficiency of braking energy recycle[2], the control strategy of electric braking[3], the control technique of driving electric motor and power converter[4], and the coordination of the electro-mechanical hybrid braking system[5]. In order to achieve both the energy recycle and braking stability, a certain braking torque distribution principles must be satisfied for electro-mechanical hybrid braking system[6]. If the force added to the pedal is less, the braking force effecting on driving wheels is only the regenerative braking force which increasing in direct proportion to pedal force; once the pedal force exceeds a certain value and the braking intensity could not be satisfied by regenerative braking only, the braking torque generated by mechanical friction on both front and rear wheels were needed. When EV is to stop, the regenerative braking torque promptly fall to zero while the required friction braking torque rapidly rises
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