Research on Anatomical Types and Variations of Lung Segment Bronchi Based on Artificial Intelligence 3D Reconstruction Technology

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the anatomic type and variation of segmental bronchus based on artificial intelligence 3D reconstruction technology. Methods: The image data of 200 patients who underwent thin-layer enhanced chest CT examination in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Shandong Public Health Clinical Center from December 2021 to December 2022 were selected. The bronchi and blood vessels of the affected side of the lung were reconstructed according to the CT scanning data of the patients, and the anatomic types and anatomic variations of the bronchi of each lung segment on the affected side were observed and statistically analyzed. Results: There were basically four anatomical types of the right superior lobar bronchus, of which the three branching subtypes B1, B2 and B3 are the most common anatomical types. There are two types of right middle lobe bronchus, of which the B4 and B5 subtypes are the most common anatomic types. For the left lung, 4 types of segmental bronchus were found and (B1+2a+b, B1+2c), (B3a, B3b+c) was the most common anatomical type. Two types of bronchus were found in the left superior lobe of the lung. Type B4 and type B5 were the most common anatomical types. In addition, there were 3 types of bronchi in the dorsal segment of the left inferior lobe, and 3 types in the anterior, external and posterior basal segment bronchi of the left inferior lobe, among which B8, B9+B10 (57.6%) were the most common. Conclusion: The anatomical types of segmental and subsegmental bronchus are complex and varied, and there may be rare anatomical variations. Therefore, before performing relevant operations, it is necessary to be familiar with the relevant operations and the branch types of corresponding bronchus in advance to ensure the smooth operation.