Abstract
Diesel exhaust aftertreatment systems are required for meeting China StageIV emission regulations. This paper addresses an aftertreatment system designed to meet the China StageIV emission standards for nonroad vehicle markets. It presents a comprehensive experimental research work on aftertreatment skin temperature and the radiated impact on its neighboring parts in a nonroad vehicle powered by a middle range diesel engine under aftertreatment inlet/outlet with insulation and without insulation with multiple experimental conditions, as well as validating the emission results with these two different aftertreatment configurations. According to the experimental results, it can be observed that the aftertreatment inlet/outlet with insulation and without insulation using a Diesel Oxidant Catalyst (DOC) + Diesel Particle Filter (DPF) + Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) scheme could both meet China StageIV emission regulations and the whole vehicle arrangement. The connection pipe is generally short between the aftertreatment and the engine turbo charger on nonroad application vehicles, which results in the exhaust gas temperature of the internal aftertreatment at each point being similar, with variation within ±2% for the aftertreatment inlet/outlet with insulation compared to the aftertreatment inlet/outlet without insulation. The aftertreatment skin temperature differences under these two configurations occur on the inlet module and outlet module, and the skin temperatures of other aftertreatment modules are little impacted. These experimental results also validate the radiation model. All aftertreatment skin temperatures are measured with different experimental conditions. In future, if considering integrating other parts like sensors on the surface of the aftertreatment, the configuration with insulation is recommended. As per the experimental results, the maximum inlet skin temperature can lower nearly 50% with insulation and the maximum outlet temperature could lower about 28% compared to the configuration without inlet/outlet insulation. If taking cost into consideration, the configuration without insulation is suggested. This research also introduces alternative solutions for different concerns for real applications. The methodology provides effective guidance and reference for future aftertreatment insulation considerations for inlet modules and outlet modules on real applications.
Highlights
China’s recently proposed StageIV emission regulations preliminarily stated that the systemNOx emission limit for a middle range diesel engine(power within 130 kW–560 kW) should be2.0 g/kWh, the NH3 slip limit 25 ppm, and the Particle Matter(PM) limit 0.025 g/kWh, while a Particle Number(PN) requirement is added with a limitation of 5 × 1012 [1]
Two different packaging designs for aftertreatment inlet and outlet insulation strategies are provided this paper for aftertreatment temperatureinlet and radiated heat impact study, with are the
Regulation emission requirements with a margin, even using catalysts, whether with aftertreatment inlet/outlet insulation or not, which provides a reasonable precondition for aftertreatment skin where is and
Summary
China’s recently proposed StageIV emission regulations preliminarily stated that the systemNOx emission limit for a middle range diesel engine(power within 130 kW–560 kW) should be2.0 g/kWh, the NH3 slip limit 25 ppm, and the Particle Matter(PM) limit 0.025 g/kWh, while a Particle Number(PN) requirement is added with a limitation of 5 × 1012 [1]. Catalysts 2020, 10, 454 emission regulations on nonroad diesel engine requires a complex aftertreatment with DOC + DPF. There are a lot of studies on the exhaust gas temperature impact on the aftertreatment performance of catalysts. Evan et al studied that exhaust gas temperature would affect catalyst conversion efficiency [2]. Johnson and Kim et al showed that the aftertreatment catalyst light-off would be delayed by a considerable decrease in exhaust gas temperatures. It is very important to manage the gas temperature during aftertreatment to make sure the catalysts perform well under appropriate temperatures [3,4]. Ramesh et al demonstrated the thermal management benefit of complex aftertreatment temperature control in a certain system temperature range, which could meet stringent emission regulations.
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