Abstract
The paper presents observations of atmospheric and ionospheric parameters during strong meteorological disturbances (storms) in the Kaliningrad region. The analysis of ionospheric observations has shown that during meteorological storms the amplitude of diurnal variations in TEC decreases to 50 %; and in foF2, to 15 % as compared to quiet days. The revealed changes in ionospheric conditions during meteorological storms are regularly registered and represent a characteristic feature of the meteorological effect on the ionosphere. Modeling studies of the vertical propagation of AGW from the Earth’s surface showed that such waves quickly (within ~15 min) reach altitudes of the upper atmosphere (~300 km). The refraction and dissipation of waves in the upper atmosphere produces perturbations of the background state of the atmosphere and gives rise to the waveguide propagation of infrasonic wave components. The observed manifestations of TEC disturbances caused by AGW propagating from the lower atmosphere can be explained by the diurnal variation of the altitude of the ionosphere and the waveguide propagation of infrasonic waves.
Highlights
Meteorological processes are an important source of acoustic-gravity waves (AGW) in the atmosphere
Theoretical studies of AGW propagation from sources in the lower atmosphere suggest that waves of this range can quickly reach the upper atmosphere and due to dissipation can give rise to large-scale disturbances, to local heating regions
During the period of meteorological perturbations marked decreasing in the amplitude of diurnal variations of total electron content (TEC) up to ~ 50%; for foF2 - ~ 20%. in relation to meteorologically calm days; 2
Summary
Meteorological processes are an important source of acoustic-gravity waves (AGW) in the atmosphere. Results of multiple experimental and theoretical studies suggest that different dynamic processes in the lower atmosphere and on Earth's surface, which are caused, for example, by meteorological, seismological, and other events, have a significant effect on ionospheric conditions. Assessments of the impact of such processes in the lower atmosphere on ionospheric conditions are reported in [1,2,3,4]. Changes in the structure of ionospheric variations during meteorological disturbances are analyzed in [5,6,7,8,9]. Strong meteorological disturbances are characteristic of the climate of the Kaliningrad region. This allows us to identify meteorological effects in changes of ionospheric conditions
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