Abstract
The article reviews the regularities of formation of the excess phase in the cast high-manganese steel in a wide range of cooling rates. It was found that this phase can stand out both along grain boundaries and within them and it can be represented by phosphide eutectic and by secondary carbides. At low cooling rates of the casting the phosphide eutectic and a small amount of secondary carbides are mainly formed, moreover, the excess phase with mixed morphology is also formed. It consists of eutectic carbides and secondary carbides with coherent boundaries between them. With increasing of cooling speed the excess phase is allocated predominantly in the form of secondary carbides, wherein there is a decrease in its size. Influence of cooling speed of a casting on the chemical composition of the excess phase also was studied. It was determined that due to increasing the cooling rate the amount of manganese in the formed secondary carbides decreases. The ratio of iron to manganese in the standing out phosphide eutectic does not depend from the cooling rate and is virtually unchanged.
Highlights
Увеличение скорости охлаждения до 24 °С/мин приводит к уменьшению количества карбидной фазы, что способствует сохранению легированности аустенита и отсутствию протекания мартенситного превращения
Увеличение скорости охлаждения до 100 °С/мин уменьшает толщину карбидов, формирующих сплошную сетку по границам зерен аустенита
Увеличение скорости охлаждения более 300 °С/мин не приводит к уменьшению толщины карбидов по границам зерен, однако способствует частичному нарушению целостности этой сетки
Summary
Рассмотрены закономерности формирования избыточной фазы высокомарганцовистой стали в широком интервале скоростей охлаждения. С увеличением скорости охлаждения избыточная фаза выделяется преимущественно в виде вторичных карбидов, при этом происходит уменьшение ее размеров. Также изучено влияние скорости охлаждения отливки на химический состав избыточной фазы.
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