RESEARCH OF THE NOISE LOAD OF VEHICLES

Abstract

Noise can be viewed as an undesirable component of a signal that can affect the quality of perception or transmission of information in a system. In different contexts, the term «noise» may have different meanings, but a common feature is the random impulsive nature of this phenomenon. Automotive noise is sound energy generated by the movement of a vehicle and its components. The study of road traffic noise is an important area, especially in environments where noise can have a significant impact. This includes analyzing noise levels, identifying noise sources, assessing its impact on the environment, and developing strategies to reduce noise. This study analyzes the causes of automobile noise and their noise sources, and provides classification features. The research methodology included measuring the noise level at different points of the bus interior using a specialized acoustic sound level meter Testo 816. The Sound Meter program was additionally used to obtain current time values of noise level changes with graphical data interpretation. When the bus is idling, a monotonous noise load level in the range of 58-63 dB is observed in the cabin, which is typical for a running diesel engine, which is the main source of noise. The movement of the bus in urban conditions is accompanied by a change in traffic conditions, which in turn increases the maximum noise load to 73 dB. The movement of the bus in the city is accompanied by an increase in the noise load up to 74 dB and the equivalent up to 67 dB. This is due to an increase in speed, contact of tires with the asphalt road, interaction of the air environment with bus elements, the appearance of vibrations and other noises.Although the noise load in the bus interior is within the upper permissible limits, it requires the introduction of noise reduction measures, especially for long-distance buses for a comfortable ride for passengers. Therefore, it is important to take noise levels into account when designing and operating vehicles, as well as when planning urban infrastructure projects.