RESEARCH OF RELIABILITY OF WORK AND MEANS OF DIAGNOSIS OF TECHNICAL CONDITION OF FUEL EQUIPMENT

Abstract

The fuel system must provide an uninterrupted supply of fuel for the engine to operate in all possible modes of operation. Diesel fuel can be contaminated during transportation and subsequent storage, it can get dust from the air. Clogging of diesel fuel is also possible during engine operation, especially if the fuel tank is refueled at the same time as the technological operation. It is established in the article that mechanical impurities (mainly small particles of silica and alumina) harmful to the system get into diesel fuel. These particles have a very high hardness, equal to or even greater than the hardness of steels used in the manufacture of fuel equipment parts. Getting into the gap between the plunger and the sleeve of the fuel pump, such particles can get stuck in it and during the operation of the pump will erase the surface of the plunger and the sleeve. The jamming of the particles at the time of fuel supply under the action of pressure, the sleeve of the fuel pump is deformed. Larger particles can penetrate into this enlarged gap (it can be two to three times larger than the initial one, which is 2 to 3 μm). After cutting and pressure drop, the sleeve is tightened and clamps the particles that have penetrated into the gap. As a result, as the parts of the plunger pair wear, the radial gap between them increases, the leaks increase and the supply pressure decreases. For reliable operation of the engine constant and thorough cleaning of fuel is necessary therefore in fuel system for this purpose necessarily include fuel filters. Every third case of engine repair is associated with the failure of fuel equipment. Operation is often characterized by conditions when individual units, the engine as a whole work to partial disability without sufficient preventive measures.