Abstract
The possibility of using natural mineral adsorbents - clinoptilolite and schungite - in the adsorption purification of water-alcohol solutions of different concentrations was studied using the example of impurities of ethanol of acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate. The feasibility of studying the above-mentioned minerals for the adsorption of simple organic substances is justified. The best concentration of a water-alcohol solution for adsorption of acetaldehyde 80-85 vol.%, ethyl acetate-40 vol.% is experimentally established. The rational duration of phase contact for adsorption of acetaldehyde is from 10 to 20 minutes, for adsorption of ethyl acetate - 5 minutes. An explanation for the dependence of the sorption efficiency on the ethanol content in a water-alcohol solution is proposed based on the known dependencies of the rectification factor on the ethanol concentration. The larger the rectification factor, the less the hydrogen bond of this impurity with ethanol and the easier it is to sorb it from ethanol by mineral adsorbents. The practical and economic feasibility of using the mineral adsorbent clinoptilolite of Ukrainian origin in the preparation of alcoholic beverages instead of imported active coal is shown. It is determined that to purify water-alcohol solutions from aldehydes, which most worsen the taste of alcoholic beverages, it is more expedient to use clinoptilolite as an adsorbent. It is shown that the use of clinoptilolite for the preparation of vodkas from non-standard rectified alcohol will improve the tasting indicators of the final product.
Highlights
One of the key quality problems of alcoholic beverages is the minimum amount of volatile ethanol impurities obtained by fermentation of starch or sugar-containing raw materials and released during the process of distillation
The sorption process must be carried out fairly quickly, since an increase in the duration of the contact seems to cause either desorption of acetaldehyde or the oxidation of ethanol
Acetaldehyde sorption was different for different concentrations of water-alcohol solutions: the best results were noted for a concentration of 80 % vol.; the acetaldehyde concentration decreased by almost 63 %
Summary
One of the key quality problems of alcoholic beverages is the minimum amount of volatile ethanol impurities obtained by fermentation of starch or sugar-containing raw materials and released during the process of distillation. Some impurities can be removed by passing a water-alcohol solution through a column of activated carbon This technology of vodka preparation has a number of drawbacks, above all, the price of active coal imported to Ukraine from Russia. Dispersion of zeolites allows to consider natural clay minerals as potentially possible adsorbents and for purification of water-alcohol solutions. This assumption is due to reports on the effectiveness of using different (2017), «EUREKA: Physics and Engineering» Number 4 types of zeolites for the sorption of small-sized simple chemicals. The efficiency of wastewater or wine purification from heavy metals and nitrates is shown [5,6,7]
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