Research of fatty acid and mineral composition of soft body of freshwater bivalves (genus Anodonta) in the northern Ukraine

Abstract

The fatty acid and mineral composition of the freshwater bivalves (genus Anodonta) in the north of Ukraine are determined for the first time and compared with the investigated data on the type of shellfish of genus Mytilus (Mytilus galloprovincialis specie). It was proved that lipids of freshwater aquatic are presented by valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids of family ⱷ-3 and ⱷ-6. Freshwater bivalves of genus Anodonta are particularly rich in eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic , linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic and oleic fatty acids, which can’t be synthesized in humans. Also a study of iodine and heavy metals such as cadmium and lead was conducted for the soft body of freshwater bivalves of genus Anodonta and genus Mytilus (Mytilus galloprovincialis specie). It was revealed that the amount of iodine contained in a soft body of bivalves of genus Anodonta provides almost half the daily requirement of this element and contained amount of salts of heavy metals doesn’t exceed the maximum permissible concentrations for aquatic organisms. Amount of calcium and phosphorus in the soft body of bivalves of genus Anodonta in the obtained ash in times greater than their number in the body of the soft marine counterparts, which provides a better absorption of iodine in the body because these elements are its synergists. The possibility of using freshwater bivalves of genus Anodonta as a complete and biologically healthy food was proved. This product provides the body with vital essential fatty acids, micro and macro elements and helps the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.