Abstract
In recent years, the international scientific community has been rocked by a number of serious cases of research misconduct. In one of these, Woo Suk Hwang, a Korean stem cell researcher published two articles on research with ground-breaking results in Science in 2004 and 2005. Both articles were later revealed to be fakes. This paper provides an overview of what research misconduct is generally understood to be, its manifestations and the extent to which they are thought to exist.
Highlights
A specific achievement expected of the natural and technological sciences and the social and financial sciences is that they make accurate statements about the world in which we live [1]
Giles [37] notes concerning the seriousness of misdemeanors that the mere invention of data and results, as practiced by the Korean stem cell researcher Woo Suk Hwang was morally more repugnant than slightly manipulating an illustration, but minor acts of misconduct are much more common, and potentially more damaging to scientific progress
“We found that while researchers were aware of the problems of FFP [falsification, fabrication, and plagiarism], in their eyes misconduct generally is associated with more mundane, everyday problems in the work environment
Summary
A specific achievement expected of the natural and technological sciences and the social and financial sciences is that they make accurate statements about the world in which we live [1]. Images in scientific papers faked and research proposals from colleagues recommended for rejection and subsequently submitted as the wrongdoer’s own These cases wasted the time and research funds by other scientists until the fraud was detected and a retraction published. Taking these and other cases as examples, the public and the scientific community discussed extensively whether they were rare isolated cases or typical researcher behavior. According to Garfield’s [15] historiography, around 1000 publications in total have discussed the subject of “Misconduct in Science” since the 1970s They were mainly published in English-speaking countries and were mostly editorial material and letters; research articles are rare. This is astonishing given the resonance which regularly greets the subject, both within and outside of the science community
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