Abstract
Results are presented of theoretical and experimental studies into effect of external magnetic field on the changes in adhesion parameters in a contact between magnetized steel rolling elements when they brought to each other to the level of atomic roughness. In theoretical studies, we calculated the interaction energy, adhesion force, friction and adhesion coefficient between magnetized steel rolling elements. The calculations are based on the general law of interaction between systems of charged particles, described by the Lennard-Jones potential, which takes into account both repulsion forces and attraction forces of these particles. A mathematical model was proposed for the calculation of force and coefficient of adhesion between steel rolling elements, taking into account magnetostrictive phenomena in the surface layers of a metal when magnetized by a constant magnetic field. The calculation of force and coefficient of adhesion was performed on the example of interaction between a wheel of a locomotive and a rail; the proposed model, however, could be applied to other elements of rolling friction. The technique and results of experimental studies are presented of the effect of external magnetic field on the coefficient of adhesion in the friction model of contact “wheel of a locomotive ‒ rail”. According to the results, magnetization of metal rolling elements leads to a significant, up to 36 %, increase in adhesion forces, which is important from the point of view of development and implementation of methods to control adhesion in similar tribological systems
Highlights
A contact interaction between metal rolling elements is a rather widespread example of the interaction between conjugated parts of various technical systems
It is necessary to minimize friction in order to reduce losses in mechanisms, for example in rolling bearings. In other cases, such as a “wheel-rail” contact, it is necessary to strive for an increase in adhesion coefficient at a contact area limited by a deformation magnitude and having small dimensions
Taking into account a wide application of contact interaction of this kind, the actual task is the search for methods of friction and adhesion control
Summary
A contact interaction between metal rolling elements is a rather widespread example of the interaction between conjugated parts of various technical systems. It is necessary to minimize friction in order to reduce losses in mechanisms, for example in rolling bearings In other cases, such as a “wheel-rail” contact, it is necessary to strive for an increase in adhesion coefficient at a contact area limited by a deformation magnitude and having small dimensions. Taking into account a wide application of contact interaction of this kind, the actual task is the search for methods of friction and adhesion control. The effect of such methods should affect characteristics of friction interaction in a certain range, which should be rational for a particular type of mechanism. Proposed solutions are complex for their implementation, this fact generally limits their use in practice
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