Research in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion

Abstract

Status and Technoeconomics.- The International Energy Agency-cooperative research on biomass for energy.- Biofuels and municipal waste technology: an overview of the DOE program.- The European R & D programme (strategy for the future).- Canada's thermochemical conversion R&D approach.- The IEA thermochemical database.- Economic potential of producing liquid transportation fuels from biomass.- Biomass-fired steam-injected gas-turbine cogeneration for the cane sugar industry.- A strategic assessment of liquid fuels from biomass.- Fundamental Research.- Pyrolysis.- Effects of feedstock components on municipal solid waste pyrolysis.- Wood devolatilization-sensitivity to feed properties and process variables.- Influences of 'neutral' salts on thermochemical conversion of cellulose and of sucrose.- Carbohydrate pyrolysis. II. Formation of furfural and furfuryl alcohol during the pyrolysis of selected carbohydrates with acidic and basic catalysts.- Factors influencing the decomposition processes in wood particles during low temperature pyrolysis.- Fast pyrolysis of biomass.- Contact pyrolysis in a 'Pyrolysis Mill'.- A comparison of the composition, pyrolysis and burning properties of Indonesian and Finnish peat.- Pyrolysis/gas chromatography: application in the study of biomass pyrolysis.- Drying, pyrolysis and combustion of biomass particles.- The application of nuclear magnetic resonance to the characterization of biomass liquefaction products.- Biomass pyrolysis for maximizing phenolic liquids.- Mass spectrometric studies of the relationship of pyrolysis oil composition to formation mechanisms and feedstock composition.- A mass spectrometric approach for the direct analysis and comparison of pyrolytic oils.- Kinetics of biomass pyrolysis with radiant heating.- Pyrolysis of single pellets of refuse derived fuel.- Gasification.- The influence of natural and added catalysts in the gasification of wood chars.- Reactivity of biomass chars in fluid-bed steam gasification.- Optical properties of biomass chars in gasification.- New apparatus for the study of the gasification of char in high temperature and pressure environments.- Pyrolysis and steam gasification of biomass in fluidized beds. Influence of the type and location of the biomass feeding point on the product distribution.- Liquefaction.- Thermochemical conversion of biomass with concentrated alkaline solution to organic acids.- A unified treatment for liquefaction.- Solvent effects on liquefaction: solubilization profiles of a tropical prototype wood, Eucalyptus, in the presence of simple alcohols, ethylene glycol, water and phenols.- The upgrading of lignin-derived compounds: case studies on model compounds.- Monte Carlo simulation of lignin pyrolysis: sensitivity to kinetic parameters.- A study of the acid catalyzed dehydration of fructose in near-critical water.- Aqueous, alkaline liquefaction of wood fractions and lignin model compounds.- Lignin liquefaction in supercritical water.- The mechanisms of sewage sludge liquefaction during thermolysis.- Thermochemical conversion of microcrystalline cellulose-hydrogenation study.- Thermocatalytic conversion of lipid-rich biomass to oleochemicals and fuel.- Applied Research.- Pyrolysis.- Preparation of activated carbon by the partial gasification of charcoal.- Fuels from biomass by conversion in molten salts.- Liquid products from the fast pyrolysis of wood and cellulose.- Chemical characterization of hydrocarbons produced by vacuum pyrolysis of aspen poplar wood chips.- Preliminary feasibility study of the biomass vacuum pyrolysis process.- Pyrolysis of forestry wastes in a fluidised bed reactor to produce medium calorific gaseous fuel.- Engineering aspects of the vortex pyrolysis reactor to produce primary pyrolysis oil vapors for use in resins and adhesives.- The production of pyrolytic liquids, gas and char from wood and cellulose by fast pyrolysis.- Gasification and Combustion.- A pilot plant for the study of the production of hydrogen-rich syngas by gasification of biomass.- Comparison between wood gasification and densified briquettes gasification.- Experimental study of fuel pellet combustion.- Microwave heating applications in thermochemical biomass conversion.- Low-temperature gasification of high-moisture biomass.- Nitrogen compounds in peat and wood gasification and gas combustion.- A twin fluid bed pyrolyser combustor system.- Pressurized downdraft combustion of woodchips.- Fluidized bed steam gasification of biomass with dolomite and with a commercial FCC catalyst.- Liquefaction.- Preparation and processing of medium and high consistency biomass suspensions.- Reaction of supercritical fluids with lignin: a Monte Carlo simulation.- Liquid fuel production from ethanol fermentation stillage by thermochemical conversion.- Production and analysis of oils obtained by catalytic hydroliquefaction of wood.- An advanced treatment of sewage sludge by direct thermochemical liquefaction.- Advances in direct biomass liquefaction by the extruder-feeder method.- Aspects of the steam liquefaction of poplar wood chips in a gravity fed reactor.- Thermochemical conversion of milkweed-a catalyst study.- Thermochemical conversion of primary sewage sludge by the STORS process.- Upgrading.- Catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis oils.- Characterization and upgrading of a bio-oil produced by pyrolysis of biomass.- Molecular beam mass spectrometric studies of HZSM-5 activity during wood pyrolysis product conversion.- Engineering aspects of upgrading pyrolysis oil using zeolites.- Hydrodeoxygenation of a lignin model compound.- Catalytic conversion of tall oil to chemicals and gasoline range hydrocarbons.- Sala dolomite-catalysed conversion of tar from biomass pyrolysis.- Conversion of tar in pyrolysis gas from wood using a fixed dolomite bed.- Reactions of dolomite with CO2 at gasification temperatures of wood.- Demonstration and Commercial.- Pyrolysis and Gasification.- Fixed bed gasification of lignocellulosic biomass: the Cemagref process.- Preliminary technical results of World Bank gasifier monitorings.- Material balance analysis of prototype commercial downdraft gasifiers.- Power.- Automated operation of lean gas engines.- Performance of a small spark-ignited internal combustion engine on producer gas from rice hulls.- Design and development of a wood gasifier for IC engine applications-new approach for minimisation of tar.- Design.- Emissions from small-sized peat and wood burning plants.- Fluidized bed gasification of wood.- Trials of chunkwood firing in district heating plants designed for forest chip combustion.- Heat and power production from straw.- Parametric study of an oxygen-blown fluidised-bed reactor for wood gasification.- Catalytic destruction of tars in biomass-derived gases.- Reliable feed systems for thermochemical conversion.- Workshop Reports.- Upgrading liquid products.- Report on the characterization of biomass pyrolysis liquid products workshop.- Workshop on thermochemical conversion of municipal solid waste.- Workshop on chemicals from biomass.- Gasification workshop.- Single particle workshop report.