Research for the Presence of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle inside Closed Environments with Acoustic Measurements

Giuseppe Ciaburro,Gino Iannace,Amelia Trematerra

doi:10.3390/buildings10050096

Giuseppe Ciaburro, Gino Iannace + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings10050096

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Journal: Buildings	Publication Date: May 23, 2020
Citations: 15	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"

Abstract

Small UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicle) can be used in many sectors such as the acquisition of images or the transport of objects. Small UAVs have also been used for terrorist activities or to disturb the flight of airplanes. Due to the small size and the presence of only rotating parts, drones escape traditional controls and therefore represent a danger. This paper reports a methodology for identifying the presence of small UAVs inside a closed environment by measuring the noise emitted during the flight. Acoustic measurements of the noise emitted by a drone inside a large environment (12.0 × 30.0 × 12.0 m) were performed. The noise was measured with a sound level meter placed at different distances (5, 10, and 15 m), to characterize the noise in the absence of anthropic noise. In this configuration, a typical tonal component of drone noise is highlighted at the frequency of one-third of an octave at 5000 Hz due to the rotation of the blades. This component is also present 15 m away from the source point. Subsequent measurements were performed by introducing into the environment, through a loudspeaker, the anthropogenic noise produced by the buzz of people and background music. It is possible to distinguish the typical tonal component of UAV noise at the frequency of 5000 Hz even when the level of recording of anthropogenic noise emitted by the loudspeaker is at the maximum power tested. It is therefore possible to search for the presence of small UAVs inside a specific closed environment with only acoustic measurements, paying attention to the typical frequency of noise emission equal to 5000 Hz.

Highlights

IntroductionWith the acronym UAV, we refer to aircraft without a pilot on board (unmanned aerial vehicle)
With the acronym UAV, we refer to aircraft without a pilot on board.This category of aircraft determines a drastic reduction in operating costs compared to conventional piloted aircraft
A preliminary measurements session in anechoic chamber was executed, measurements were performed in an industrial warehouse and using a loudspeaker, and the acoustic measurements were performed in an industrial warehouse and using a loudspeaker, and vocal and subsequently the music that had been recorded inside the hall of an atrium of a shopping the vocal and subsequently the music that had been recorded inside the hall of an atrium of a center was spread

Summary

Introduction

With the acronym UAV, we refer to aircraft without a pilot on board (unmanned aerial vehicle). This category of aircraft determines a drastic reduction in operating costs compared to conventional piloted aircraft. Technological progress and research in this field have allowed the creation of vehicles capable of realizing the most disparate applications These results have aroused interest in this technology from the civil sector which today uses UAVs in various fields. Multi-helicopters are characterized by vehicles with multiple propellers, from three to eight, the most used choice is the one with four propellers This is due to an extreme construction simplicity which substantially reduces construction and maintenance costs [5]

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