Research Concerning the Spreading and Controlling of the Species Rubus Caesius L. in the Timiş County

Abstract

In this paper we present some aspects concerning the spreading of the weed Rubus caesius L. in winter wheat, grain maize, and sunflower in 20 locations of the Timiş County and weed control of in winter wheat and grain maize pointing out Rubus caesius L., a problem species popularly named dewberry.
 We describe the materials and methods used in the mapping of the species Rubus caesius L. and in the control of problem weeds monitoring the control degree (%) of dicot weeds, in general, and of the species Rubus caesius L., in particular, and winter wheat yield in q/ha in the control variants and in the treated variants in the agricultural years 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 and grain maize yield in q/ha in the control variants and in the treated variants in 2009 and 2010.
 In winter wheat, in the 20 locations of the Timiş County, the mean of the plants of Rubus caesius L. in the three agricultural years was: in the low plain area, 1.35 plants/m², in the high plain area, 6.90 plants/m², and in the hill area, 0.12 plants/m². As for grain maize, in the 20 locations of the Timiş County, the mean of the plants of Rubus caesius L. in the three agricultural years was: in the low plain area, 1.12 plants/m², in the high plain area, 2.60 plants/m², and in the hill area, 0.84 plants/m². In sunflower, in the 20 locations of the Timiş County, the mean of the plants of Rubus caesius L. in the three agricultural years was: in the low plain area, 1.20 plants/m², in the high plain area, 5.00 plants/m², and in the hill area, 0.16 plants/m².
 We present research results concerning the total number of weeds/m2 in the control variant in winter wheat and grain maize and the share percentage.
 In winter wheat, we monitored, in the agricultural years 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 a number of 12 weed species, the mean of the number of weeds per m2 being 75, and in grain maize, in the agricultural years 2009 and 2010, 11 weed species, the total number per m2 being 262.
 Dewberry was represented in winter wheat by 4.25 plants/m2 with a share percentage of 5.66%, and in grain maize by 12.2 plants/m2 with a share percentage of 4.65%.
 The most efficient diminution of the dewberry shoots in winter wheat was ensured by the herbicide Dialen Super 464 SL (0.9 l/ha), with a control degree of 92.14%. There was also weed control above 90% in the variants treated with Premiant (1 l/ha) – 91.65% and with Ceredin Super (1 l/ha) – 90.57%. 
 The most efficient diminution of dewberry shoots in maize was ensured by the herbicide Dialen Super 464 SL (0.9 l/ha), with a control degree of 96.82%. There was also weed control degree above 90% in the variants treated with Ceredin Super (1 l/ha) – 94.52% and Buctril Universal (1 l/ha) – 92.54%.