Abstract
ABSTRACT In 1981, the Institute of Ocean Environmental Technology (IOOET) began work on the five-year Arctic Marine Oil Spill Control Devices Research and Development program in Japan. The following tests were conducted at the IOOET's test facility.The physical properties and evaporation of a crude oil were examined under a variety of temperature conditions.Two selected adhesion type oil skimmers, a mop and a disc type, were evaluated for their recovery efficiency and oil recovery rate using an oil which had the same viscosity as crude oil at low temperatures. The mop type oil skimmer was newly developed in this program.Performance tests were conducted with two portable oil booms which were popular in Japan. Booms were towed in the catenary configuration with oil and simulated ice pieces. Booms were tested for the critical tow speed at which oil or ice began to escape the boom.Experiments using midwater trawl nets were conducted for recovering oils sunk below the water surface. Various types of trawl net were designed and tested in the circulating water channel with emulsified bunker C fuel oil. This paper summarizes the results of the tests and shows the applicability of each device for use in cold waters.
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