Abstract

肿瘤免疫疗法在当前癌症治疗领域中愈来愈受瞩目,相关研究也层出不穷。对于非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者来说,近些年来,以程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death 1, PD-1)/程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death ligand 1, PD-L1)免疫抑制剂为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs)已经成为治疗恶性肿瘤的一种最具前景的治疗方案。免疫检查点阻断治疗包括抗细胞毒T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, CTLA-4)单抗、抗PD-1单抗和抗PD-L1单抗,其中最被人熟知的为PD-L1免疫疗法。目前ICIs在临床治疗中取得了很不错的治疗效果,但有效率较低,因此我们希望获得更高的治疗有效率。近几年外泌体PD-L1在NSCLC免疫治疗中发挥了重要作用。本文就肿瘤外泌体PD-L1蛋白对肿瘤微环境的影响、预测免疫治疗效果以及作为NSCLC免疫治疗的新型治疗策略作一综述。

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