Abstract
Oral health is considered an important factor of general health and it contributes to the quality of life. Despite the raising awareness of preventive measures, the prevalence of oral health conditions continues to increase. In this context, a growing interest in investigating natural resources like Vitis vinifera (V. vinifera) phenolic compounds (PhCs) as oral health promoters has emerged. This paper aims to review the evidence about the bioactivities of V. vinifera by-products in oral health. Up to date, a high number of studies have thoroughly reported the antimicrobial and antiplaque activity of V. vinifera extracts against S. mutans or in multi-species biofilms. Moreover, the bioactive compounds from V. vinifera by-products have been shown to modulate the periodontal inflammatory response and the underlying oxidative stress imbalance induced by the pathogenic bacteria. Considering these beneficial effects, the utility of V. vinifera by-products in the maintaining of oral health and the necessary steps towards the development of oral care products were emphasized. In conclusion, the high potential of V. vinifera by-products could be valorized in the development of oral hygiene products with multi-target actions in the prevention and progression of several oral conditions.
Highlights
According to the World Health Organization, oral health is an important element of general health and is crucial for the quality of life
The purpose of this review is to summarize the bioactivities of V. vinifera by-products, emphasizing the role of phenolic compounds for the prevention of oral disease and the treatment of different oral health conditions
The novelty of this work consists of finding new exploitation directions of V. vinifera by-products based on recent progress made in this field, and in defining the scientific framework for the development of oral care formulations based on V. vinifera by-products
Summary
According to the World Health Organization, oral health is an important element of general health and is crucial for the quality of life. Even though the PhC’s effects were thoroughly described both in vitro and in vivo, current evidence on the efficacy of V. vinifera extracts in oral care products is scarce In this context, the purpose of this review is to summarize the bioactivities of V. vinifera by-products, emphasizing the role of phenolic compounds for the prevention of oral disease and the treatment of different oral health conditions. Grape skins represent up to 65% of dry pomace [7] and contain mainly phenolic acids, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanols, and resveratrol [8]. The phytochemical profile of polyphenols from grape stems has shown that the most abundant phenolic compounds are hydroxybenzoic (gallic acid) and hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols (glycosylated derivatives of quercetin and kaempferol), flavones, stilbenes (trans-resveratrol and ε -viniferin) and anthocyanins [31,32,33]. DoEbioactive compounds, extraction techniques and solvents of phenolic compounds (PhCs) from V. vinifera by-products
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