Requirement of Intravenous Fluid and Insulin in the Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis to Overcome the Crisis

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the requirement of intravenous fluid and insulin in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis to overcome the crisis. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place and Duration:Study was conducted at Medicine department of King Abdullah Teaching Hospital Mansehra and Nishtar Medical University Hospital Multan for six months duration from15thDecember, 2020 to 15thJune, 2020. Methods: Total seventy patients of both genders were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 18-65 years. Patients details demographics age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking written consent. Patients had diabetic ketoacidosis were presented in this study. Frequency of intravenous fluid and insulin were assessed to overcome the crisis of diabetic ketoacidosis by using portland protocol. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients was 30.51±7.41 years with mean BMI 25.18±3.48 kg/m2. 38(54.3%) cases were females and 32 (45.7%) patients were males. 42 (60%) cases had previous history of diabetes and the rest28 (40%) were newly diagnosed.Prevalence of DKA was more common in low socio-economic status found in 39 (55.7%) cases. Vomiting was the most common symptom found in 35 (50%) cases, followed by infection of insulin doses 18 (25.7%) cases, abdominal pain found in 15 (21.43%) patients. 32 (45.7%) patients who had increased diuresis received 11L of fluid in the treatment of DKA, 91-100 units of insulin were given to 18 (25.71%) cases, and for management of acidosis 24 (34.3%) patients took 2-days. There was no any mortality found in this study. Conclusion:We concluded in this study that early diagnosed of diabetic ketoacidosis is necessary for treatment. Removal of adequate fluid was necessary to avoid mortality. Keywords:Intravenous fluid, Insulin, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Diabetes