Requirement for urgent tracheal intubation after traumatic injury: a retrospective analysis of 11,010 patients in the Trauma Audit Research Network database

Abstract

Advanced airway management is a treatment priority in trauma care. It is likely that a proportion of patients who receive urgent airway management on arrival in the emergency department represent an unmet demand for airway intervention in the pre-hospital phase. This study aimed to investigate emergency airway practice in major trauma patients and establish any unmet demand in this patient group. A retrospective review of the Trauma Audit and Research Network database was performed to identify airway intervention(s) performed for patients admitted to major trauma centres in England from 01 April 2012 to 27 June 2016. In total, 11,010 patients had airway interventions: 4375 patients (43%) had their tracheas intubated in the pre-hospital setting compared with 5889 patients (57%) in the emergency department. Of the patients whose tracheas were intubated in the emergency department, this was done within 30 min of hospital arrival in 3264 patients (75%). Excluding tracheal intubation, 1593 patients had a pre-hospital airway intervention of which 881 (55%) subsequently had their trachea intubated in the emergency department; tracheal intubation was done within 30 min of arrival in the majority of these cases (805 patients (91%)). Over 70% of emergency department tracheal intubations in patients with traumatic injuries were performed within 30 min of hospital arrival; this suggests there may be an unmet demand in pre-hospital advanced airway management for trauma patients in England.