Abstract
This essay places two women influenced by American transcendentalism in conversation with the transatlantic development of republican ideals during two distinct periods of nineteenth-century American and European political history: the American Civil War and Italian Revolution, and the Reconstruction era that emerged in tandem with the establishment of the French Third Republic. Though separated by a generation, Margaret Fuller and May Alcott Nieriker discovered the relationship between public revolution and private liberation was particularly complex for women and used their art to claim female agency even as they protested the limitations to freedom they found in their respective political spheres.
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