Abstract

The concepts of " republic " and " democracy ", whose connotations and uses vary according to historical periods and political contexte, do not seem to cover equivalent contents. The study of the ordinary representations of thèse two notions, at a given moment, based on interviews withfifty individuels, brings out differences and fluctuations of meaning : diverse positions of thé two terms within national Systems which overlap only partially, variations in the uses of terms depending on reference groups. Whereas " democracy ", a less specifie notion, does not seem to fit in a precise historical and geopolitical framework, " republic " appears as a concrete historical and political category, defining a form of state, characterized by the appropriation by everyone of the " public thing ", and opposed to any form of monarchy, the power of one or of a few.

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