Abstract
This chapter focuses on the reproductive system. It acknowledges reproduction as a core physiological process that enables diversity and the continued existence of human life. The sexual reproduction cycle consists of a series of stages: gamete production, fertilization, pregnancy, birth, and puberty. The chapter also considers the differences between male reproductive anatomy and female reproductive anatomy by noting their respective features and functions. It details that the activities in the gonads are regulated by the hormones released by the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary (the hypothalamic-pituitary axis). Meanwhile, the monthly cycle in the mature female involves both the maturation and release of the oocyte, and the preparation to facilitate fertilization.
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