Reproductive Genomics in Domestic Animals

Abstract

Contributors. Preface. Part I Quantitative Genomics of Reproduction. 1 Reproductive Genomics: Genome, Transcriptome, and Proteome Resources (Noelle E. Cockett). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Discovery of underlying genetic influences. 1.3 Characterization of gene expression. 1.4 Resources for protein analysis. 1.5 Future research directions. References. 2 Quantitative Genomics of Female Reproduction (Jeffrey L. Vallet, Dan J. Nonneman, and Larry A. Kuehn). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Female reproductive phenotypes. 2.3 Genetic markers and genotyping methods. 2.4 Association of phenotypes with genotypes. 2.5 Some illustrative examples of reproductive QTL. 2.6 Future research directions. References. 3 Quantitative Genomics of Male Reproduction (Eduardo Casas, J. Joe Ford, and Gary A. Rohrer). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Male reproduction phenotypes. 3.3 Genetics, genomics, and quantitative trait loci (QTL). 3.4 QTL identifi ed for male reproduction traits. 3.5 Future research directions. References. 4 Genetics and Genomics of Reproductive Disorders (Peter Dovc, Tanja Kunej, and Galen A. Williams). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Reproductive disorders associated with the ovary. 4.3 Reproductive disorders associated with the vagina and uterus. 4.4 Reproductive disorders associated with pregnancy and placenta. 4.5 Reproductive disorders associated with male reproductive organs. 4.6 Reproductive disorders associated with embryos and fetuses. 4.7 Future research directions. References. 5 Genomics of Reproductive Diseases in Cattle and Swine (Holly Neibergs and Ricardo Zanella). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Bovine paratuberculosis. 5.3 BRD. 5.4 Brucellosis in cattle. 5.5 Leptospirosis in swine. 5.6 Aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies). 5.7 PRRS. 5.8 Future research directions. References. 6 Comparative Genomics of the Y Chromosome and Male Fertility (Wansheng Liu). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Characteristics of the mammalian Y chromosome. 6.3 Sequence and gene content of the Y chromosome. 6.4 Function of Y chromosome genes in spermatogenesis and male fertility. 6.5 Polymorphisms of the Y chromosome and male fertility. 6.6 Future research directions. References. 7 Mitochondriomics of Reproduction and Fertility (Zhihua Jiang, Galen A. Williams, Jie Chen, and Jennifer J. Michal). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Cytoplasm mitochondrial genomes in fertility and reproduction. 7.3 Nuclear mitochondrial genomes in fertility and reproduction. 7.4 Future research directions. References. Part II Physiological Genomics of Reproduction. 8 Functional Genomics Studies of Ovarian Function in Livestock: Physiological Insight Gained and Perspective for the Future (Beau Schilling and George W. Smith). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Transcriptomics of ovarian tissues: EST sequencing. 8.3 Transcriptomics of ovarian tissues: Microarray studies. 8.4 Proteomics of ovarian tissues. 8.5 Future research directions. References. 9 Physiological Genomics of Preimplantation Embryo Development in Production Animals (Luc J. Peelman). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Preimplantation developmental stages and transcriptomics. 9.3 Preimplantation developmental systems and transcriptomics. 9.4 Future research directions. References. 10 Physiological Genomics of Conceptus Endometrial Interactions Mediating Corpus Luteum Rescue (Troy L. Ott and Thomas E. Spencer). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Physiological genomics of luteal regression. 10.3 Physiological genomics of blocking luteal regression. 10.4 Future research directions. References. 11 Physiological Genomics of Placental Growth and Development (Sukanta Mondal). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Placental development: Basics. 11.3 Placental hormones and peptides. 11.4 Transcriptomics of placental development. 11.5 Future research directions. References. 12 Cellular, Molecular, and Genomic Mechanisms Regulating Testis Function in Livestock (Kyle Caires, Jon Oatley, and Derek McLean). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Spermatogenesis. 12.3 Transcriptomics of testis in bulls. 12.4 Reproductive genomics in boars. 12.5 Future research directions. References. viii Contents Part III Genomics and Reproductive Biotechnology. 13 The Epigenome and Its Relevance to Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer and Nuclear Reprogramming (Jorge A. Piedrahita, Steve Bischoff, and Shengdar Tsai). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 The epigenome. 13.3 Epigenetic reprogramming. 13.4 Genomic imprinting. 13.5 SCNT and epigenetic abnormalities. 13.6 Future research directions. References. 14 Biotechnology and Fertility Regulation (Valeria Conforti). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Basic aspects in vaccine development. 14.3 Specific aspects in vaccine development. 14.4 Sperm antigens. 14.5 Zona pellucida antigens. 14.6 LHRH antigens. 14.7 Future research directions. References. 15 Proteomics of Male Seminal Plasma (Vera Jonakova, Jiri Jonak, and Marie Ticha). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Proteins of seminal plasma. 15.3 Function of seminal plasma proteins. 15.4 In vitro effects of seminal plasma proteins. 15.5 Properties of major proteins of seminal plasma of domestic animals. 15.6 Future research directions. References. 16 Evolutionary Genomics of Sex Determination in Domestic Animals (Eric Pailhoux and Corinne Cotinot). 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 State of knowledge of sex differentiation. 16.3 Sex differentiation in domestic mammals. 16.4 Sex determination in nonmammal domestic species. 16.5 Future research directions. References. 17 Toxicogenomics of Reproductive Endocrine Disruption (Ulf Magnusson and Lennart Dencker). 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 Reproductive endocrine disruption. 17.3 Reproductive endocrine disruptors. 17.4 Toxicogenomics. 17.5 Future research directions. References. 18 Nutrigenomics for Improved Reproduction (John P. McNamara). 18.1 Introduction. 18.2 Nutritional physiology of reproduction: A brief view. 18.3 Mechanistic connections between nutrient fl ux and reproductive processes. 18.4 History of integration of physiological state, nutrient flux, and reproduction. 18.5 Nutritional physiology of pregnancy and lactation. 18.6 Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics approaches for improved fertility, pregnancy, and lactation. 18.7 Future research directions. References. Index.